This preprint asks whether assigning Big Five profiles to an LLM produces visualization decisions that can be interpreted as personality signals and whether those signals survive changes in model, task, and aggregation method. It compares GPT-4o-mini, GPT-4.1-mini, and GPT-5-mini in two experiments: generating colors for six concepts and rating 12 chart idioms in three contexts. The defensible reading is intentionally cautious and matches the authors' conclusion: LLM personas may serve as exploratory probes of model behavior, not substitutes for human participants or validated representations of user preference.
The 43 profiles do not come from 43 people. They are built from average U.S. state-level Big Five scores; each trait is reduced to Low, Average, or High and duplicate combinations are removed. They are therefore synthetic combinations derived from ecological data. They do not describe individuals, form a representative sample, or permit state-level associations to be transferred to a person's behavior. Profile distance is also L1 over five ordinal 0/1/2 values, assuming equal intervals and equal trait weights without a specific psychometric justification.
The color experiment crosses those 43 profiles with Banana, Strawberry, and Carrot as concrete concepts and Serendipity, Serenity, and Chaos as abstract concepts. It collects 30 valid RGB colors for every concept-profile-model cell: 7,740 per model and 23,220 total. Malformed or out-of-range responses are rejected and calls are reissued until 30 are obtained, but rejection counts and patterns are not published. GPT-4o-mini and GPT-4.1-mini use temperature 0.7. GPT-5-mini does not expose it and instead receives 30 fixed seeds combined with eight interpretive lenses, literal, affective, metaphorical, atmospheric, muted, vivid, dark, and light. This is a different prompting protocol; the authors appropriately describe it as a stress test rather than an equivalent sampling comparison.
RGB outputs are converted to CIELCH and each profile is represented by a circular hue histogram with 36 bins. L1 personality distance is compared with Hellinger histogram distance using 9,999-permutation Mantel tests. At 36 bins, GPT-4o-mini has no significant association for any concept; GPT-4.1-mini has one for all six, with r=0.12-0.21 and p<=0.006; GPT-5-mini has one only for Strawberry, p=0.001, and Chaos, p=0.015. After Holm correction over 18 tests, four GPT-4.1-mini concepts and GPT-5-mini Strawberry remain. Across 18, 36, and 72 bins, counts stay 0/6 for GPT-4o-mini and 6/6 for GPT-4.1-mini, but change 4/6, 2/6, and 2/6 for GPT-5-mini. Exact concept-level values are placed in an announced but unavailable Supplemental.pdf.
A descriptive ANOVA on linear hue attributes eta-squared 0.038 to persona and 0.008 to model for abstract concepts, a 4.7-fold ratio. Hue is circular, however. Repeating the decomposition on sine and cosine changes the comparison to 0.036 versus 0.018, only twofold, and reverses which factor dominates for Banana. For concrete concepts, average model and persona contributions are 0.015 and 0.020. Residual variance dominates, ranging from 0.929 to 0.982. The pooled abstract result also comes mainly from GPT-4.1-mini: mean within-model persona eta-squared is 0.23, versus 0.05 for GPT-4o-mini and 0.03 for GPT-5-mini. This supports configuration dependence, not a stable personality effect. The ANOVA does not fully model nesting, and six selected rather than sampled concepts cannot support category-wide generalization.
The second experiment recreates 12 chart idioms for hierarchy, time-series, and comparison tasks. Each persona rates clarity, interpretability, appeal, and overall preference from 1 to 7. Chart order is fixed. To approximate Alves et al.'s human N=64, the study generates 60 runs from only 43 profiles, repeating some. Those are stochastic repetitions, not 60 independent personalities. Profiles are assigned to author-labeled Organized and Stable, Sociable and Cooperative, and Emotionally Reactive prototypes with n=24, 14, and 22; seven ties go to the lower-index cluster. The labels are imposed interpretations, especially equating high neuroticism with 'emotionally reactive', and may reify stereotypes.
For GPT-4.1-mini, all three groups select Treemap for hierarchy, Line Chart with Points for time, and Radar for comparison under plurality, IRV, and Borda. Borda shares are 47/43/43%, 46/52/49%, and 31/35/28%. Apriori changes the winner in 5 of 27 cells, mainly toward Pie in comparison, while mean-Likert aggregation also yields different winners and lower stability. In 1,000 bootstraps, hierarchy and time are 97.6-100% stable; comparison drops to 91.6%, 97.7%, and 53.4% by cluster. Yet the bootstrap treats duplicated runs as persona units and does not represent uncertainty over the 43 unique profiles or their state-level derivation.
All three models agree on the top chart in all nine cluster-context combinations. The decisive evidence is that a no-persona condition recovers the same winner in 8 of 9 model-context combinations; the exception is a near tie for GPT-5-mini in which Radar ranks second. Task context therefore dominates rank one. Persona conditioning changes rating levels and lower ranks more than the winner. Mean cross-model Kendall tau is 0.79, with pair averages 0.889, 0.778, and 0.711; five of 27 cells fall below 0.5, mostly in the third cluster. Mixed models likewise change no winner, although the third group rates charts about 0.93 points lower than the first on the seven-point scale. That difference may be a persona-induced response style rather than visual preference.
The 12 GPT-4.1-mini OLS regressions use 60 rows, include all five traits, and have no holdout. They report 36 of 60 Holm-significant coefficients, but repeated profiles weaken independence and complete coefficients are unavailable. There is no matched human validation. Winners differ from the cited human study for hierarchy and time, and the authors correctly do not claim replication. The study measures no comprehension, task accuracy, time, accessibility, cognitive load, trust, satisfaction, or applied visualization quality.
Reproducibility is incomplete. The manuscript says that all prompts, profile and cluster assignments, Mantel statistics, sensitivity tests, regressions, rankings, Kendall matrices, and no-persona baselines are in Supplemental.pdf. That file is absent from the arXiv archive, ancillary paths return 404, and no public copy was found through title, author-site, OSF, or GitHub searches. The source archive contains TeX and five figures but no code, data, outputs, or scripts. Exact model snapshots and API dates are also missing. Summary results can be described, but most exact evidence cannot be independently checked or reproduced.
The strongest contribution is not a color or chart recommendation and not evidence of simulated human personality. It is a methodological warning: visual variability can be mistaken for persona signal; the signal changes with model and protocol; circular representation and aggregation alter magnitude or winners; and a neutral baseline reveals that context explains nearly all first choices. Before treating LLM personas as users, studies need multiple configurations, sampled concepts, valid individual profiles, no-persona controls, analyses that respect repetition, complete artifacts, and direct human calibration.