This COLM 2026 paper studies how personality prompts change communication and outcomes in multi-agent LLM teams. The primary intervention prepends seven Goldberg low- or high-Agreeableness adjectives to every agent. Low-A is intensely valenced, very unkind, uncooperative, selfish, distrustful, cold, harsh, and unsympathetic, so it operationalizes an instructed persona rather than a measured psychological personality. The study compares three MultiAgentBench domains: three-agent collaborative coding, five-agent open-ended research ideation, and two-agent buyer-seller bargaining. GPT-4o-mini labels segments as questions, disagreements, suggestions, and acknowledgments. Phi groups the first three act counts against acknowledgments. Loaded low-A raises phi to roughly 0.93-0.95: Claude, GPT-4o, and Grok become disagreement-dominated, whereas DeepSeek shifts mainly through suggestions. This is an LLM-labeled act-composition measure, not literally a percentage of messages or a direct measure of communication quality, divergence, or successful convergence. In coding, LLM-judged planning declines but milestone counts remain near baseline for Claude, GPT-4o, and DeepSeek. Grok falls from 14.4 to 10.9 and is the only declared exception, but the inference is fragile: on the five shared tasks, a paired t-test gives p=0.013 and Wilcoxon p=0.0625; the prose reports p=0.017 while the table marks it with a star defined as p<0.01. In research, the main direction survives task-matched comparison for the three models with released logs: GPT-4o drops 6.93 milestones across 15 tasks, Grok 6.17 across 9, and DeepSeek 3.87 across 22. However, actual samples contradict the stated n=30 per condition: Grok has 15 baseline tasks versus 9 low-A tasks, and DeepSeek 25 versus 22, with unequal repetitions. Paper means use these unmatched collections, and the blanket p<0.0001 claim becomes about 0.0007 for Grok and 0.0014 for DeepSeek when task is respected as the unit. In bargaining, released data show agreement moving from 37% to 1% for GPT-4o, 18% to 0% for DeepSeek, and 31% to 0% for Claude; high-A raises them to 71%, 26%, and 60%. A never-accept control suggests low-A is not always a flat refusal because some agents keep moving offers while rarely accepting. Still, Table 2 says Claude baseline is 40% rather than the 31% in prose, Table 3, and data, and Table 3 prints [0,0] for Claude 0/100 when a Wilson interval is about [0,4]. The strongest methodological contribution of v2 is the neutral paraphrase control: direct, candid, independent-minded, skeptical of consensus, and efficiency-oriented. It removes cross-model convergence and largely removes disagreements, showing that much of the Goldberg effect comes from hostile wording. Residual outcomes are heterogeneous: GPT-4o research largely recovers, Grok and DeepSeek remain lower, Claude improves in research, and neutral coding can be worse than loaded low-A in some cells. There is therefore no uniformly directional residual or psychometrically equivalent manipulation. Artifact-mediated buffering is a plausible hypothesis but is not causally identified. Domains differ in agent count, tasks, objectives, actions, model coverage, sample sizes, and judges, and the competitive/high-structure cell is absent. Format extraction and LLM code ratings do not demonstrate that syntax and semantics filtered communication degradation; no comparable functional execution suite is reported. The public artifact is valuable: Apache-2.0 licensing, 2,679 JSONL logs, about 293 MB of results, caches, and scripts. Offline reconstruction reproduces six CSVs byte-for-byte and the seventh except for floating-point last digits. But Claude research logs, Grok bargaining logs, and Kimi validation are absent; the README has no reproduction commands; secondary statistical scripts use stale paths; dependencies are unpinned; there are no study tests or CI; and the runner sets the evaluated model as judge while the appendix says GPT-4o judged code. The defensible conclusion is that low-A persona wording strongly changes labeled communication acts and can harm some multi-agent outcomes, especially research and bargaining acceptance. The paper contributes an important prompt-valence warning and a rich log release, but it does not establish stable personality, a causal artifact-structure mechanism, or a deployment-ready design rule.
Research question
Do Agreeableness prompts change the communication and performance of LLM multiagent teams differently depending on the structure of the outcome and the alignment of objectives, and how much of the effect is due to the negative valence of the adjectives?