This preprint studies when an LLM psychometric self-description can anticipate its behavior on a task. Its central contribution is not proof of stable personality, but a separation of three sources that are often conflated: instrument specificity, whether self-report and behavior share a conversation, and how variation is induced across conditions. It compares the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), whose items name a concrete behavior and policy, with the task-general BFI-44 Big Five. Both are crossed with same-conversation versus independent-conversation measurement and two induction regimes: a grid of generic prompts, temperatures, and values called seeds, or thirty synthetic PersonaHub descriptions. Eleven OpenRouter-accessed models are evaluated on four probes: risk taking in a twenty-round Columbia Card Task; answer change after opposing suggestions on 52 dilemmas; answers and confidence on thirty factual questions followed by a second confidence estimate; and text-only word assignment across six stereotype domains. The latter is not a human latency/block IAT, and the honesty task measures confidence calibration and stability rather than deception or moral honesty broadly. The primary statistics compute within-model Pearson correlations and aggregate Fisher-z values; appendices add Mundlak OLS with model-clustered errors, matched-policy contrasts, and a bootstrap over the eleven models. The headline is that same-conversation TPB reaches about r=.40 after excluding IAT, compared with human meta-analytic magnitudes, while within-model Big Five associations are near zero. Selected results are r=.67 for Attitude and the honesty outcome, .47 for Intention and sycophancy, .22 for risk, and -.59 for the text IAT. With conversations separated, honesty retains part of the association (.53), sycophancy falls to -.07, risk to .12, and IAT remains inverted (-.66). Only Claude 4.5 Haiku and LLaMA 3.3 70B retain a positive pooled association under the paper's criterion. Synthetic personas alter and often stabilize self-reports but rescue no model; the sycophancy rescue indication is partial and its model-bootstrap interval includes zero. These patterns support the practical recommendation to test concrete behavior in a separate context rather than use self-description as a substitute. However, human-level coherence is too strong a formulation. The human r links intention to later behavior across people and studies; the LLM r is within model, under explicit opposing policies, with behavior immediately following in the same conversation. Equal magnitude does not imply equal construct, reliability, or validity. The appendix also shows that only CCT has smooth within-policy covariation. In sycophancy, matched-policy contrasts reduce Intention from .47 to -.02 and Subjective Norm from .19 to .06; in IAT, -.59 changes to +.16. Honesty contrasts invert, although the authors correctly explain that its two policies are non-equivalent strategies and do not form an interpretable bipolar contrast. Much of the aggregate effect therefore comes from policy steps or model baselines rather than small self-report changes predicting behavior within a condition. TPB items directly name behavior and policy, whereas BFI-44 is task agnostic: the comparison shows the practical advantage of asking a contextual intention over using a broad trait, not general psychometric superiority. Best-construct selection is data-driven and the candidate families are not fully symmetric. Fisher-z intervals are likely over-precise because model×task×construct correlations sharing models, conditions, policies, and outcomes are treated as independent estimates. The count of 41 significant cells out of 77 also uses a binomial null without multiplicity or dependence adjustment. Clustered and bootstrap checks are valuable but have only eleven clusters. The persona comparison is bundled as well: system text, temperature distribution, seed label, condition count, and semantic content all change together. The same personas are not crossed with the same grid, so induction is not the sole causal difference. Near-one TF-IDF distance mainly shows lexical non-overlap among short roles, not validated psychological diversity; one selected persona is Spanish despite english_only=true because ASCII filtering is not language detection. The public repository exposes prompts, runners, scorers, merges, and analysis source, but does not reproduce the paper. Its README says precomputed results are included, yet the audited commit has no result CSV or results directory. rq_config.py and psycohere_style.py, imported by the four primary analyses, are absent; psyai_eval is not installable and there is no pyproject, setup file, requirements list, or lockfile; the configured IAT stimuli, norm300 questions, and sycophancy dilemmas are also missing. Documented entry points fail before execution. More importantly for the design, the client deliberately omits seed on OpenRouter calls: 42, 99, and 123 are replicate labels, not controlled decoding seeds, so separate calls do not share the seed described by the paper. The registry labels DeepSeek V3.1 with an ID OpenRouter identifies as DeepSeek V3 0324, Gemini lacks the google/ namespace, and Mistral maps specifically to Mistral Large 3 2512. Without CSVs, actual model responses, failure counts, parser attrition, and selective missingness cannot be checked. Mergers accept subsets of intended keys and do not validate cardinality, risking unmatched or many-to-many-expanded rows. The paper deserves credit for extensive appendices, contrasts, and explicit limits: it distinguishes correlation from causation, acknowledges priming and uncertain translation of human instruments, limits its scope to four tasks and a model snapshot, and makes no consciousness claim. The defensible conclusion is narrower than the abstract: LLM self-reports are task- and context-dependent signals; CCT offers the clearest within-policy coherence; sycophancy demonstrates conversation priming; and synthetic personas can change what models say about themselves without aligning behavior. Exact effect sizes remain paper-reported rather than independently reproduced.
Research question
Under what combinations of psychometric instrument, conversational context, and induction are an LLM's self-descriptions associated with its behavior on concrete tasks, and which associations survive when self-report and behavior are measured in separate conversations?