This ACL 2026 long paper asks whether conversations between LLM agents assigned high- and low-status roles display four patterns inspired by human research: asymmetric pronoun use, language coordination, greater persuasion by a high-status party, and greater compliance with unsafe requests from authority. The question matters for social simulation and safety, but “mirror” requires caution: the experiment measures textual differences elicited by explicit roles, not human cognitive processes, stable personality, or real obedience. The 26-page ACL publication is the source of record rather than arXiv alone.
The design uses 14 occupational pairs, such as principal-teacher, manager-employee, justice-lawyer, police captain-lieutenant, and lab director-technician, and PersonaHub personas. Three Mechanical Turk annotators evaluate 50 pairs: 96.5% are labeled hierarchical and Fleiss kappa is 0.73. Main models are Llama 3.1 8B, Qwen 2.5 7B, a Phi model, quantized Llama 3.1 70B, GPT-4.1, and GPT-5; additional comparisons use Mistral, Qwen 72B, and OLMo. Phi identity is inconsistent, Phi-3-Med in methods and Phi-4 in two tables, and API snapshots are not dated.
Pronoun analysis uses 576 conversations. Llama 8B, Llama 70B, and both GPT models follow the expected directions; Qwen and Phi do not. Llama effects are only 0.06-0.17 percentage points while GPT effects are larger. Coordination uses 1,270 conversations and eight function-word categories against same-role conversations. Open models score about 6-7 out of 8 and GPT near 4; the low-versus-high status difference is not significant. No human control group receives the same roles, tasks, and estimators, so directional agreement is not human effect-size or distributional fidelity.
Persuasion continues two DailyPersuasion turns and GPT-5 labels the responder not, partially, or fully persuaded. High-status persuaders score 1.6-6.4 points higher, with rates of 15.7%-30.9%. Compliance uses Do-Not-Answer requests: high status raises merged partial/full labels by 2.0-3.7 points over rates of 5.2%-11.5%. Three annotators check the judge on 300 conversations. Merged accuracy is 83.0% for compliance and 80.0% for persuasion; three-way accuracy falls to 67.7% and 65.0%. There are no confusion matrices or error correction, and GPT-5 judges GPT-5 generations without blinding. These metrics capture apparent textual acquiescence, not durable attitude, action, truth, or harm severity.
Effects tend to be stronger early and attenuate. Control prompts explicitly define each construct and request High, Low, or No amounts. GPT persuasion/compliance falls near zero under Low/No instructions while open models change less; this is instruction following with criterion leakage, not control of a latent social mechanism. Size comparisons associate larger selected models with lower persuasion/compliance, but data, architecture, alignment, quantization, and generation all change together, so scale is not causally identified.
Inference is not auditable. Tables mark significance without naming a test, alpha, p-values, intervals, or analysis unit. Conversations and turns reuse roles, personas, starters, tasks, and models, requiring paired and mixed or cluster-robust analysis. Many outcomes lack multiplicity correction, while seeds, replications, parser failures, and logs are absent. Protocol descriptions conflict: Sotopia for API models versus all simulations, 10-15 turns versus N agents by 10 rounds with N in 2/3/5, and dyads versus three- or five-agent runs. The stated NLTK 1.0.1 is not an official release.
The publication supplies prompts, tables, examples, and a checklist, but the repository does not reproduce the study. At the audited commit it has a one-line README and JSON only: no code, analysis, dependencies, tests, CI, license, or manifest. It contains 29,374 conversations/440,610 turns across five folders, includes Mistral but omits Llama 70B and GPT-5, and has no mapping to the reported 576/1,270 conversations or RQ3/RQ4. All 324 Phi files contain empty messages and 4,480/8,100 conversations are affected; Qwen has empties in 193/194 files and 1,797/4,850 conversations, plus 11,408 turns containing CJK characters; GPT-4.1 has 64 exact reverse-pair duplicates. The checklist reports no ethics-review approval/exemption and no documented identifying/offensive-content checks. The faithful conclusion is that hierarchy prompts change selected linguistic features and acquiescence labels in these configurations; the work does not demonstrate human cognition, behavioral realism, personality, real obedience, deployed harm, or causal size-based safety, and the released artifact cannot reproduce the results.