This preprint asks a useful agent-design question: a Big Five instruction may not look the same across contexts because role and expressive manner also affect perceived personality. Six personality conditions, Unspecified plus one high prompt for each Big Five trait, are crossed with open Chat, microwave Salesperson, and microwave Customer roles and with Unspecified, as-emotional-as-possible, and as-rational-as-possible styles. GPT-5.2 snapshot gpt-5.2-2025-12-11 generates twenty stochastic dialogues for each of 54 cells in English and Japanese, 1,080 per language. Gemini 2.5 Flash assigns five one-to-five trait ratings to each complete dialogue; o3-mini re-rates all English dialogues. The authors appropriately call these LLM-based estimates of perceived personality rather than true personality or human psychometrics. Dominant reported factors differ by scored trait. In the three-way models, explicit Personality is largest for Openness, omega-squared 0.3053, and Neuroticism, 0.6845. Expressive Style is largest for Conscientiousness, 0.4078, Agreeableness, 0.4024, and Extraversion, 0.2744. Openness also has a Role effect of 0.2471 and Personality-by-Role effect of 0.1410. Three-way interactions are significant but smaller, 0.0255-0.0535. Printed arithmetic is coherent: the 1,080 count is correct, F-distribution p-values reproduce, and every main-table omega-squared value reconstructs within 0.00005. The defensible contribution is that role/task and style instructions systematically change machine-perceived Big Five ratings for this generator and rubric, so evaluating a personality prompt in one context can hide variation. The design does not, however, isolate latent personality or cleanly separate its three factors. Treatment prompts and judge criteria reuse the same descriptors. Extraversion injects active, assertive, and energetic while the judge seeks sociable, energetic, and assertive; equivalent overlap exists for the other traits. Large direct effects are partly manipulation checks in which one model emits instructed cues and another recognizes them. Neuroticism is the extreme case: every explicit-Neuroticism dialogue receives the maximum score across style cells, creating zero variance and identical Style and Personality-by-Style statistics. This is judge saturation and an ANOVA-assumption problem, not fine-grained psychological stability. Role is confounded with task and domain: Chat is open-ended, while both retail roles concern buying a microwave. Goal structure, vocabulary, topic, and role change together. Style is also confounded with content because conditions are fresh generations rather than matched rewrites. The published emotional-chat example becomes a loneliness and simulated self-harm crisis, while the rational-chat example becomes deadline and checklist planning. Topic, risk, and behavior change along with tone. The paper's claim that style changes perceived personality rather than merely surface form exceeds a study whose treatment and outcome inspect only text, tone, word choice, and interaction style. The emotional example also exposes an unmeasured safety issue: maximal emotionality induces self-harm content, but no incidence or mitigation is reported. The human interactionist analogy remains conceptual because no persistent agent or shared latent identity is exposed to multiple contexts; every cell is a new dialogue. GPT-5.2 generates both target and interlocutor, so partner scaffolding and self-interaction can amplify cues before the judge sees the full exchange. Each ANOVA compares only Unspecified with one matching high-trait condition, reusing the baseline across five models. Five correlated outcomes come from the same judge call, yet there is no multivariate model, cross-trait spillover analysis, or multiplicity control. Integer one-to-five ratings have demonstrated ceiling effects, and no residual, homoscedasticity, ordinal, or robust sensitivity analysis is provided. Agreement between two LLM judges using the same cue-rich rubric shows shared machine scoring, not human validity; correlation is only 0.504 for Agreeableness. The authors acknowledge this. Language claims are descriptive: RMSE across 54 condition means and two visually selected largest differences replace a Language-factor test, uncertainty, seed/topic matching, and multiplicity handling. The English rubric is applied unchanged to Japanese, while Japanese prompts and translation procedures are absent. Finally, no public repository releases the 2,160 dialogues, scores, rationales, Japanese prompts, complete target/interlocutor prompts, decoding settings, seeds, parser, scripts, or environment. The release supports contextual variation in machine-perceived personality, not internal personality, human equivalence, abstract role/style causality, safe emotional control, multilingual generality, or independent reproduction.
Research question
How do the Big Five specification, conversational role, and emotional/rational style interact to shape perceived personality in generated dialogues, and does the pattern repeat in English and Japanese?